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Prelims Daily Quest - 7 September 2024


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1.Consider the following statements regarding the new BPaLM regimen for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB):


  1. The BPaLM regimen includes Pretomanid, Bedaquiline, and Linezolid, with or without Moxifloxacin.

  2. The regimen reduces the treatment duration for MDR-TB from 20 months to 6 months.

  3. The introduction of this regimen is part of India's strategy to eliminate tuberculosis by 2030.


Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 1, 2, and 3


Answer: A) 1 and 2 only


Explanation:


  1. Statement 1: The BPaLM regimen indeed includes Pretomanid, Bedaquiline, and Linezolid, with or without Moxifloxacin. This combination of drugs is designed to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) more effectively.

  2. Statement 2: The BPaLM regimen reduces the treatment duration for MDR-TB from the traditional 20 months to just 6 months. This shorter duration is one of the key advantages of the new regimen, offering a quicker and potentially less cumbersome treatment process.

  3. Statement 3: The target for eliminating tuberculosis under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is 2030, not 2025. The Indian government’s goal to eliminate TB by 2025 is an accelerated target that is ahead of the global target set by SDGs.


Thus, the correct answer is A) 1 and 2 only, as statements 1 and 2 are accurate, while statement 3 is incorrect.



2. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the impact of high fiscal deficits and rising debt levels on a country's economic stability?


  1. High fiscal deficits and rising debt levels always result in increased private investment and higher household savings.

  2. Excessive government spending and fiscal deficits can lead to higher interest payments, which reduce funds available for developmental expenditures.

  3. A fiscal deficit reduction plan to 4.5% of GDP by 2025-26 aligns with the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act's goal of reducing the debt-GDP ratio to 40%.

  4. High fiscal deficits combined with increasing foreign capital inflow guarantee sustainable economic growth.


Select the correct answer using the code below:


A) 1 and 3

B) 2 and 4

C) 2 only

D) 3 and 4


Answer: C) 2 only


Explanation:


  1. Incorrect. High fiscal deficits and debt levels usually lead to increased interest payments, which limit funds for developmental projects and can crowd out private investment.

  2. Correct. High deficits lead to higher interest payments, reducing funds available for development and affecting economic stability.

  3. Incorrect. The FRBM Act sets a target to reduce the debt-GDP ratio to 40%, but the plan to reduce the fiscal deficit to 4.5% of GDP by 2025-26 does not directly align with this goal. High fiscal deficits can impede progress toward achieving the debt-GDP ratio target.

  4. Incorrect. High deficits combined with foreign capital inflows do not guarantee sustainable growth; they can still lead to economic instability.


So, the correct answer is C) 2 only.


3. Which of the following statements correctly describes the Santhal Pargana region?


  1. The Santhal Pargana region is located in the southern part of West Bengal and is known for its significant tea plantations.

  2. The region is a part of Jharkhand and is predominantly inhabited by the Santhal tribal community.

  3. The region is renowned for its rich mineral resources, particularly iron ore and coal.


Select the correct answer using the code below:

A) 1 and 3

B) 2 and 3

C) 2 only

D) 1 and 2


Answer: C) 2 only


Explanation:


  1. Incorrect. Santhal Pargana is located in Jharkhand, not West Bengal, and is not known for tea plantations.

  2. Correct. The Santhal Pargana region is in Jharkhand and is predominantly inhabited by the Santhal tribal community.

  3. Incorrect. While Santhal Pargana has some mineral resources, it is not primarily known for iron ore and coal compared to other regions in Jharkhand.



4. The Palair River is a tributary of which major river in the Khammam district of Telangana?


  1. Godavari River

  2. Krishna River

  3. Tapi River

  4. Mahanadi River


Select the correct answer using the code below:

A) 1 and 3

B) 2 only

C) 3 and 4

D) 1 and 2


Answer: B) 2 only



5. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the current guidelines for accessing the National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF)?


  1. Previously, states could access NDRF funding after spending 50% of their State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF).

  2. The updated guidelines now require states to spend 100% of their SDRF before accessing NDRF aid.

  3. States are now allowed to access NDRF assistance without any requirement for SDRF expenditure.


Select the correct answer using the code below:

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) 1 and 2

D) 2 and 3


Answer: C) 1 and 2


Explanation:


  1. Correct. Previously, states could access NDRF funding after spending 50% of their SDRF.

  2. Correct. The updated guidelines now require states to spend 100% of their SDRF before accessing NDRF aid.

  3. Incorrect. States are not allowed to access NDRF assistance without spending their SDRF.


Therefore, the correct answer is C) 1 and 2.

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